Here is my running tally of the lawsuits–mostly class actions–alleging that training LLMs or using them are prima facie copyright infringement. There are a handful of lawsuits that do not have claims based on copyright. I have included some references to key orders as well. This list may be incomplete or become outdated; I prepared it for my own research. Here is a list with a lot more detail that seems to be updated regularly.
Note this list does not cover litigation about the protectability of AI-generated works under copyright law–a different topic entirely!
- Doe v. Github, November 3, 2022. Class action. Authors of software. (Does not include copyright infringement but includes DMCA claims.) May 11, 2023 order dismissing many of the plaintiffs’ claims.
- Sarah Andersen v. Stability AI, January 13, 2023. Class action. Authors of visual art. October 30, 2023 Order granting in part defendants’ motions to dismiss.
- Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd, January 16, 2023. Case filed in UK, High Court of Justice in London (Chancery Division), No. IL-2023-000007.
- Getty Images v. Stability AI, February 2, 2023. Regarding photographs.
- Thomson Reuters v. Ross Intelligence, May 6, 2020. Regarding Westlaw headnotes.
- Mark Walters v. OpenAI, June 5, 2023. (Defamation case by talk show host.)
- P.M. v. OpenAI, June 28, 2023. Class action. Voluntarily dismissed by plaintiffs on Sept. 15, 2023.
- Paul Tremblay v. OpenAI, June 28, 2023. Class action. See Silverman action below.
- Sarah Silverman v. OpenAI, July 7, 2023. Class action. The court ruled against four of the six counts in the lawsuit, February 12, 2024. Only the unfair competition state law claim remains.
- Richard Kadrey v. Meta, July 7, 2023. Class action. Authors of books, regarding ThePile database, and LLaMA. November 20, 2023 order dismissing most claims. “I understand your core theory. Your remaining theories of liability I don’t understand even a little bit.”
- J.L. v. Alphabet (Google), July 11, 2023. Class action. Privacy and copyright.
- A.T. v. OpenAI, September 5, 2023. Class action. Regarding privacy.
- Chabon v. OpenAI, September 8, 2023. Class action.
- Chabon v. Meta, September 12, 2023. Class action.
- Authors Guild v. Open AI, Sept. 19, 2023. Class action.
- Mike Huckabee v. Meta, Bloomberg, Microsoft, October 17, 2023. Class action. Regarding Eleuther, book dataset “The Pile.” Motion for dismissal on fair use filed by defendants March 22, 2024.
- Concord Music Group, Inc. v. Anthropic, October 18, 2023. Regarding music and lyrics. Filed by many plaintiffs, but not a class action.
- Sancton v. OpenAI, filed November 21, 2023. Class action.
- New York Times v. Microsoft, OpenAI et al, December 27, 2023.
- Basbanes v. Microsoft, January 4, 2024.
- Intercept Media Inc. v. OpenAI, February 28, 2024.
- Raw Story Media, Inc. v. OpenAI, February 28, 2024.
- Abdi Nazemian v. NVIDIA Corp., March 8, 2024.
- O’Nan v. Databricks, Mosaic ML, March 8, 2024.
- Zhang, Andersen, Larson and Fink, v. Google and Alphabet. April 26, 2024. Class action. Regarding text to image model Imagen AI.